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READ: this excerpt from Khan Academy on women in Phoenician communities.
In general, there was a lot of social mobility in Phoenician communities. Phoenicians frequently married non-Phoenicians, and women had more freedom than many other women in the ancient world. There are few sources about Phoenician life in general and even less about women. But evidence suggests that women had a seat at the table—literally. Carvings and inscriptions show women at banquets and large gatherings alongside their male family members. They are also seen at religious events. There were many respected female deities (gods). The Phoenicians also had famous female leaders, including Dido, the Queen of Carthage.
Click here for an article about ancient dress to help paint a picture of what the Phoenicians may have looked like.
Hurrian Hymns
Music was an important part of ancient civilizations. The oldest known written music, the Hurrian Hymns (c. 1400 BC/BCE), was discovered in modern-day Syria.
Music written on clay tablets was discovered in the 1950s in Ugarit, an ancient Canaanite city-state near what was Phoenicia
Usually played on lyres, songs were usually odes to rulers or gods and goddesses
Link here to listen to musician Michael Levy play the modern interpretation of Hurrian Hymn No. 6, the only text in good enough condition to be interpreted, on the lyre
The superior navigation and ship-building skills of the Phoenicians allowed them to travel greater distances, control trade routes, and collect highly sought-after goods for trade.
They are thought to be the first people to make use of Polaris, the North Star, for navigation.
They maintained their control over long-distance trade by keeping their trade routes, including a knowledge of regional winds and currents, a secret from outsiders.
Did Phoenicians Complete the First Circumnavigation of Africa?
When the Egyptian Pharaoh, Necho II, organized an expedition to sail all the way around Africa (610-595 BCE), it was Phoenician sailors who completed the voyage for him.
Information about Herodotus' account of the first circumnavigation of Africa can be found here.
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