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Redlining and Housing Segregation Against African Americans

Page history last edited by Robert W. Maloy 1 year ago

Redlining, Philadelphia 1937 

 Map to the right shows Redlining, Philadelphia 1937                                                                                                             

Topics on the Page

 

Redlining Explained

 

Redlining and the Federal Government

 

The Wrong Side of the Tracks

 

Redlining in Cities

  • Syracuse, New York
  • Macon, Georgia
  • Chicago
  • Philadephia
  • Boston 

 

Current Laws and Practices

 

How Tornadoes Impact Segregation

 

 

 

Redlining Explained


Redlining refers to the discriminatory practice of withholding home loan or home insurance funds from buyers in certain areas of a city (outlined on maps in red).

Mortgage lenders redlined areas (predominantly low-income African American neighborhoods) where they did not want to make loans.

This practice served to prevent African Americans from home ownership.

Redlining as a formal practice began with the National Housing Act of 1934.

 

PAGE SUMMARY: The page explains redlining as the way that racial segregation was enacted by refusing to provide Black Americans with home insurance or mortgages, effectively preventing most Black families from owning homes. This was a legal process that allowed white Americans to benefit off of the exploitation of Black Americans and led to the formation of “suburbs”. It also details how natural disasters exacerbate the effects of redlining, and how things such as healthcare are affected by the process of redlining. Redlining forces African Americans into the “least desirable” areas of the city which then become overpoliced as a result. The page displays maps demonstrating how redlining is accomplished throughout cities and what it does to communities through segregation.

(Carolyn Byrne, May 2022; Hannah Whalen, April 2023). 

 

 

Housing loan categories set by the Housing Act of 1934

 

How did Federal Government condone this practice?  How was it set into law?

 

 A 'Forgotten History' of How the U. S. Government Segregated America  (NPR Fresh Air podcast) The Color of Law 

 

Listen also to the podcast, Housing Segregation in Everything

 

Click here to listen to or read an article by NPR relating redlining and environmental racism in American cities. 


Historic Shift from Explicit to Implicit Policies Affecting Housing Segregation in Eastern Massachusetts

 

 

Justice Map lets you visualize race and income data for your community

 

Interactive Redlining Map Zooms in on America's History of Discrimination, NPR The Two-Way (October 19, 2016)

 

 

The Wrong Side of the Tracks

 

Definition of the phrase The Wrong Side of the Tracks

 

  TED Talk Stephen DeBerry defining the wrong side of the tracks

 

Teacher Jarrett Hatcher speaking about Uniontown Virgina

 

 

external image HOLC-Legend-300x193.jpg
Atlanta Redlining Map legend

 

An NPR article and half-hour radio piece on the "Forgotten History" of Redlining and how its affects are still felt today

 

 

Redlining through the African American perspective on BlackPast.org

 

 

A NY Times Article on Redlining's negative and thought provoking legacy

 


Mapping Inequality: Redlining in New Deal America



1934-1968 FHA Mortgage Insurance Requirements Utilize Redlining

 

 

Redlining in Cities

 

Interactive Map Redlining in New Deal America

 

 Interactive Redlining Activity by City at Not Even Past

 

  • This website has an interactive feature that allows students to compare current social vulnerability maps with information on many cities throughout the country.
  • It provides details on each district within the cities represented including census data along with brief descriptions of the area. The color coded maps allow students to analyze change over time and view the impact that redlining has had on their own communities

 

 

Syracuse

 

Macon, Georgia

 

Chicago

 

Philadelphia

 

 

 

    • Response to Desegregating Boston Schools with Busing as a result of Redlining  
      • This video shows a protest against busing to desegregate Boston schools  
      • Protestors were very much aware of the segregation within the city and were actively fighting to preserve segregation
      • This video demonstrates the need for the city of Boston to remain under the same pressure as other cities in the US to do better in creating an equitable city 
      • Boston is not exempt from racism.

 

Current Laws and Policies

 

Legacy of Redlining in the United States

 

Longterm health effects of redlining

 

  • This article explores the lasting effects that redlining has had on healthcare access and quality for Black mothers across the United States


Redlining was made illegal by the Fair Housing Act, Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968

 

 

The Legacy of Redlining on Black Maternal Health

 

 

President Clinton's Memorandum on Fair Housing (January 17, 1994)


Redlining: Still a Thing, The Washington Post (May 28, 2015)

 

What is Fair Housing?

 

 



  Learning Plan: The Growth of the Suburbs - and the Racial Wealth Gap

 

Learning Plan: How Red Lines Build White Wealth

 

 

 

Tornadoes and Segregation

 

How Tornadoes Can Exacerbate Racial Segregation in the US

 

In 2022, the authors of a 5 decade study on Tornadoes, Poverty and Race found that tornadoes can exacerbate racial segregation through two avenues: abandonment or displacement.

 

  • Abandonment — when people leave their damaged homes and resettle elsewhere — is more likely in wealthier counties. Those with the financial resources to move are likelier to be white, increasing “the prevalence of poor African Americans in those communities,” the authors write.

 

  • Displacement, meanwhile, happens when access to resources, such as homeowners’ insurance, gives some people the ability to rebuild. Lower-income Black populations are more likely to be renters and lack the financial resources to rebuild in places where tornadoes hit, making them more likely than white people to be displaced from their homes.

 

 

 

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