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The Passage of the 14th Amendment (redirected from The 14th Amendment)

Page history last edited by Robert W. Maloy 1 year, 11 months ago

14th Amendment sign at the entrance of the Brown v Board of Education Historical Site in Topeka, Kansas

(Credit:  Shutterbugsage licensed  CC by 3.0

 

 

The Fourteenth Amendment

 

 

  United States History Cross-Links

 

 

 

 The Importance of the 14th Amendment

 

PAGE SUMMARY

This page explores the 14th amendment to the United States Constitution. This amendment gave citizenship rights to all Americans, no matter their race or ethnicity. This specifically helped African Americans who were enslaved before and emancipated during the Civil War. There are examples of court cases that made it to the Supreme Court regarding the 14th amendment, including the Slaughterhouse case which was the first case to revolve around this amendment. Additionally, this amendment has been used to fight for LGBTQ+ rights and protections for other minority groups during the 21st century. (Harry Blackman, April 2022)

 

 

Overview 

 

  • Passed July 9, 1868

 

  • Reconstruction Amendment

 

 

  • Five Sections:

 

    • State and federal citizenship for everyone, no matter of race, born or naturalized in the US

 

    • States are not permitted to limit "privileges and immunities" of citizens

 

    • No citizen is denied life, liberty, or property without"due process of law"

 

    • No citizen can be denied "equal protection of the laws"

 

    • Congress has the power to enforce these laws

 

Click here for the full Amendment text

 

  • Click here to know more about the Fourteenth Amendment

 

 

 

 John Bingham:  The Father of the 14th Amendment

 

  • Congressman from Ohio who wrote the words “No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”

 

 

The Fourteenth Amendment and Equal Protection, Kahn Academy

 

Image shows Brown v. Board of Education court decision that declared segregation a violation of the 14th Amendment

Brown v. Board of Education, when segregation was declared a violation of the 14th Amendment

 

 

 

Teaching the Bill of Rights:  The Fourteenth Amendment, Bill of Rights Institute

 

 

  • Click here for the history of the 14th Amendment

 

 

10 Supreme Court Cases about the 14th Amendment, National Constitution Center

 

Brown v. Board of Education (1954):  School desegregation

 

 

Mapp v. Ohio (1961):  Illegal search and seizures

 

 

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963):  Right to access to an attorney

 

 

Griswold v. Connecticut (1965):  Right to privacy

 

 

Loving v. Virginia (1967):  Interracial marriage

 

 

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978):  Affirmative action

 

LGBTQ Rights Court Cases

 

Timeline for the 14th amendment

 

 

 

 

The Slaughterhouse Cases (1873)

 

 

  • Louisiana granted monopoly to Crescent City Livestock Landing and Slaughterhouse Company

 

  • Since LA granted slaughtering rights within New Orleans, the company will follow state regulations on product, price, etc...
    • Independent butchers could be hired at set prices to work for the company

 

  • Local butchers sued LA on the grounds that forbidding them to operate their slaughterhouses violated their privileges stated in the 14th Amendment

 

  • The state courts ruled that the law was constitutional, so the butchers appealed it to the Supreme Court

 

  • Ruling:
    • "privileges and immunities" protected by the 14th Amendment were limited to those specified by the Constitution
    • Do not include rights from individual states
      • The 14th Amendment forbade the states from withholding privileges and immunities belonging to American citizenship, not state
    • The butchers could still make their living by working for Crescent City 

 

For additional info, click here

 

  • Click here for a video about the Slaughterhouse Cases.

 

  1. Click here and here to read about the impact of the Fourteenth Amendment.

 

 

 

 

 Click here for a video on the importance of the 14th Amendment. Includes lesson plan and quiz.

 

 

  • Click here for a lesson plan "The Meaning of the 14th Amendment" from PBS Learning Media

 

  • Click here for the lesson plan "How Supreme Court Decisions and Supreme Court Decisions Affect History" from PBS

 

 

    

Congress Debates the Fourteenth Amendment, Facing History and Ourselves

 

 

 

Sources:
1. About.com. 14th Amendment

 

 

 

 

 

 

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